SEDIMENT TRAPPING AND TRACE METAL ENRICHMENT IN FLUVIAL SCULPTED FORMS OF A BEDROCK RIVER (MIÑO RIVER, OURENSE, NW IBERIAN PENINSULA)

Miguel Ángel Álvarez-Vázquez; Andrian Bróż

doi:10.32435/xi.ibesymp.1

Autores

Miguel Ángel Álvarez-Vázquez Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Historia Arte e Xeografía, 32004, Ourense, Spain https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4446-3499
Andrian Bróż Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM-CSIC), 36208, Vigo, Spain; Uniwersytet Warszawski, Warszawa, Poland https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5189-3179

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32435/xi.ibesymp.1

Palavras-chave:

Bedrock river, Trace elements, Sedimentation microenvironments, Miño River, Urban river

Resumo

This study focuses on sediment composition and trace metal accumulation in the Miño/Minho River, with an emphasis on bedrock rivers. The research employs robust non-parametric statistics to analyze sediment composition in three distinct deposition microenvironments: (i) surface sediments trapped in rock cavities, (ii) permanent sediment trapped in a pothole, and (iii) untrapped river sediment. Robust regression is used for reference level estimation. Enrichment assessment through local enrichment factors reveals Cu and Pb accumulation in rock cavities, potentially linked to post-depositional processes influenced by seasonal water dynamics. The study highlights the effectiveness of robust statistics for sediment data analysis and identifies rock cavities as significant traps for trace elements, possibly of anthropogenic origin, in urban river settings. However, the study acknowledges the necessity of further research to comprehensively understand the intricate processes shaping sediment composition in bedrock rivers, considering the multifaceted physical, chemical, and biological factors at play.

Downloads

Não há dados estatísticos.

Biografia do Autor

Miguel Ángel Álvarez-Vázquez, Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Historia Arte e Xeografía, 32004, Ourense, Spain

Área de Xeografía Física, Grupo GEAAT, Departamento de Historia Arte e Xeografía, Universidade de Vigo, 32004, Ourense, Spain.

Andrian Bróż, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM-CSIC), 36208, Vigo, Spain; Uniwersytet Warszawski, Warszawa, Poland

Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM-CSIC), 36208 Vigo, Spain; Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych, Uniwersytet Warszawski, 00-927 Warszawa, Poland.

Referências

ÁLVAREZ-VÁZQUEZ, M.Á.; DE UÑA-ÁLVAREZ, E.; RAMÍREZ-PÉREZ, A.M.; DE BLAS, E.; PREGO, R. Distinctive Accumulation Patterns of Trace Elements in Sediments of Bedrock Rivers (Miño River, NW Iberian Peninsula). Geosciences, v. 13, n. 10, p. 14, 2023. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences13100315

ÁLVAREZ VÁZQUEZ, M.Á.; DE UÑA-ALVAREZ, E.P. An exploratory study to test sediments trapped by potholes in Bedrock Rivers as environmental indicators (NW Iberian Massif). Cuaternario y Geomorfología, v. 35, n. 1-2, p. 59-77, 2021. Available from: https://doi.org/10.17735/cyg.v35i1-2.89054

ÁLVAREZ-VÁZQUEZ, M.Á.; HOŠEK, M.; ELZNICOVÁ, J.; PACINA, J.; HRON, K.; FAČEVICOVÁ, K.; TALSKÁ, R.; BÁBEK, O.; GRYGAR, T. M. Separation of geochemical signals in fluvial sediments: New approaches to grain-size control and anthropogenic contamination. Applied Geochemistry, v. 123, 2020. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2020.104791

ÁLVAREZ-VÁZQUEZ, M.Á.; GONZÁLEZ-PRIETO, S.J.; PREGO, R. Possible impact of environmental policies in the recovery of a Ramsar wetland from trace metal contamination. Science of the Total Environment, v. 637-638, p. 803-812, 2018. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.022

BIRCH, G.F. A review and critical assessment of sedimentary metal indices used in determining the magnitude of anthropogenic change in coastal environments. Science of the Total Environment, v. 854, 2023. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158129

BIRCH, G.F. Determination of sediment metal background concentrations and enrichment in marine environments–a critical review. Science of the Total Environment, v. 580, p. 813-831, 2017. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.12.028

BIRCH, G.F.; OLMOS, M.A. Sediment-bound heavy metals as indicators of human influence and biological risk in coastal water bodies. ICES journal of Marine Science, v. 65, n. 8, p. 1407-1413, 2008. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsn139

COVELLI, S.; FONTOLAN, G. Application of a normalization procedure in determining regional geochemical baselines: Gulf of Trieste, Italy. Environmental Geology, v. 30, p. 34-45, 1997. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s002540050130

EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES. Pollutants in urban waste water and sewage sludge. Final report prepared for European Commission Directorate-General Environment. Office for Official Publications of the European Communities. Luxembourg, 2001.

GIRAUDOUX, P.; ANTONIETTI, J.P.; BEALE, C.; GROEMPING, U.; LANCELOT, R.; PLEYDELL, D.; TREGLIA, M. pgirmess: A Package for Spatial Analysis and Data Mining for Field Ecologists. R package version 2.0.2., 2022. Available from: https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=pgirmess.

FARINANGO, G.; ÁLVAREZ-VÁZQUEZ, M.Á.; PREGO, R. Trace element patterns in heterogeneous land–sea sediments: a comprehensive study of the Ulla–Arousa system (SW Europe). Geosciences, v. 13, n. 10, 2023. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences13100292

GRYGAR, T.M.; MACH, K.; HRON, K.; FAČEVICOVÁ, K.; MARTINEZ, M.; ZEEDEN, C.; SCHNABL, P. Lithological correction of chemical weathering proxies based on K, Rb, and Mg contents for isolation of orbital signals in clastic sedimentary archives. Sedimentary Geology, v. 406, 2020. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2020.105717

GRYGAR, T.M.; POPELKA, J. Revisiting geochemical methods of distinguishing natural concentrations and pollution by risk elements in fluvial sediments. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 170, p. 39-57, 2016. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2016.08.003

GRYGAR, T.M.; NOVÁKOVÁ, T.; BÁBEK, O.; ELZNICOVÁ, J.; VADINOVÁ, N. Robust assessment of moderate heavy metal contamination levels in floodplain sediments: A case study on the Jizera River, Czech Republic. Science of the Total Environment, v. 452-453, p. 233-245, 2013. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.02.085

HERUT, B.; SANDLER, A. Normalization methods for pollutants in marine sediments: review and recommendations for the Mediterranean. IOLR Report H18/2006. Israel Oceanographic & Limnological Research. Available from: https://www.sednet.org/download/0604_herut_and_sandler_report.pdf. Accessed on: 15 December 2023.

LORING, D. Normalization of heavy-metal data from estuarine and coastal sediments. ICES Journal of Marine Science, v. 48, n. 1, p. 101-115, 1991. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/48.1.101

MAECHLER, M.; ROUSSEEUW, P.; CROUX, C.; TODOROV, V.; RUCKSTUHL, A.; SALIBIAN-BARRERA, M.; VERBEKE, T.; KOLLER, M.; CONCEICAO, E.L.T.; DI PALMA, M.A. Robustbase: Basic Robust Statistics, R package version 0.9-11, 2022. Available from: https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=robustbase.

MILLER, J.R.; WATKINS, X.; O’SHEA, T.; ATTERHOLT, C. Controls on the Spatial Distribution of Trace Metal Concentrations along the Bedrock-Dominated South Fork New River, North Carolina. Geosciences, v. 11, n. 12, 2021. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences11120519

NOVÁKOVÁ, T.; MATYS GRYGAR, T.; KOTKOVÁ, K.; ELZNICOVÁ, J.; STRNAD, L.; MIHALJEVIČ, M. Pollution assessment using local enrichment factors: the Berounka River (Czech Republic). Journal of Soils and Sediments, v. 16, p. 1081-1092, 2016. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-015-1315-z

OPENAI. ChatGPT 3.5. 2023. Available from: https://www.openai.com/.

R CORE TEAM. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. 2023. Available from: https://www.R-project.org/.

TUROWSKI, J.M.; HOVIUS, N.; WILSON, A.; HORNG, M.J. Hydraulic geometry, river sediment and the definition of bedrock channels. Geomorphology, v. 99, n. 1-4, p. 26-38, 2008. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2007.10.001

WALLACE, R.B.; GOBLER, C.J. The role of algal blooms and community respiration in controlling the temporal and spatial dynamics of hypoxia and acidification in eutrophic estuaries. Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 172, 2021. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112908

WHIPPLE, K.X.; DIBIASE, R.A.; CROSBY, B.; JOHNSON, J.P. Bedrock rivers. In Treatise on Geomorphology. Elsevier, v. 6.2, p. 865-903, 2002. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-818234-5.00101-2