Environmental Smoke

VETERINARY ETHOLOGY APPLIED TO A DAIRY GOAT HERD: CLASS REPORT

Gil Dutra Furtado — 2024-09-22

Environmental stress on farm animals is a limiting factor for all livestock farming. In this sense, the action of professionals, such as veterinarians is essential to outline the best management and the best actions to develop with livestock in a region.

In this manner the results from the study performed by Furtado (2007) presented information on the behavior of dairy goats that favor new evaluations. The influence of the environment on the behavioral parameters of dairy goats was observed in Lajes do Cabugi, Rio Grande do Norte, on a dairy goat production farm.

Ethology is a science that favors the understanding of the adaptation of animals (i.e. behavior) to the environment in which they are found. Therefore, this knowledge field helps the veterinarian in the clinical assessment of animals’ health and well-being, promoting animal aid to achieve greater productivity, which is one of the objectives of the animals' actions professionals.

Through research carried out in a brief bibliographical-secondary survey, the objective of this study is to evaluate the recorded ethogram of a goat herd, which had been exposed at two different times of breeding.

The environmental variations recorded at the beginning and end of the experiment (June and September 2007) were, respectively: i) ambient temperature 25.82ºC and 25.88 ºC; ii) relative humidity 67.48% and 66.64%. The outcome obtained with ethogram was that the animals had many more episodes of lying under the shade in August compared to June, as well as grazing in the shade, brooding in the shade, standing still in the shade and walking. These results show that the herd spent much more energy to maintain homeostasis under heat stress (FURTADO; SILVA; TELES, 2018; GAIA et al., 2019).

It was concluded that the herd must be relocated in terms of access to nutritional supplementation with hay and concentrates, have access to more shaded areas and promote relocation in grazing and stabling hours, with the aim of preventing pathologies linked to heat stress, as well as having a better quality of life and animal well-being.

HEAT TOLERANCE INDEX IN DAIRY GOATS: CLASS REPORT

Gil Dutra Furtado — 2024-10-07

To evaluate the influence of the environment on the behavioral and physiological parameters of Saanen and alpine brown goats, disciplinary work was carried out in which a field experiment was conducted, in the municipality of Lajes do Cabugi, Rio Grande do Norte, on the Três property. Brothers, which is a dairy goat production farm. The adaptation of animals to the breeding environment is an important factor for them to have good health and achieve greater productivity, which is one of the objectives of the action of veterinarians, acting preventively (SOUZA et al., 2010; LOPES et al., 2012). When academics participate in pedagogical activities, they develop and prepare more completely for professional life. During the pedagogy, two specimens of each breed were used and observed over a 90-day interval. The following sequence of observations was adopted: 1st observation carried out at 9 am and the 2nd observation was carried out at 3 pm. All animals were female and carried out their normal grazing activities. The animals had access to pasture under identical conditions, as well as access to nutritional supplementation when they returned to the pen at night. The rectal and environmental temperature variables were recorded at 9:00 am and 3:00 pm, and these were used by applying them in the ITC formula (1.0 ta – 20 d +60) (FERREIRA, 2011). The average results obtained were 32.67ºC for room temperature; rectal temperature of the Saanen and alpine brown in the morning and afternoon, respectively, were 40.18ºC and 39.95ºC in the morning; 39.8ºC and 39.75ºC in the afternoon. It was concluded, with the results obtained during the field classes, that the Saanen presented better results compared to the alpine brown for the edaphoclimatic conditions of the property where the research work was carried out. Pedagogically, this activity carried out in the field increases the learning efficiency of veterinary medicine students and favors their better training, reflecting the community's desires and everyone's well-being.

USE OF HERBAL MEDICINES IN THE TREATMENT OF SKIN DISEASES IN DOGS: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW

Thayanne Nayara Vieira Melo — 2025-02-09

This study aims to present an integrative literature review on the use of herbal medicines in the treatment of skin diseases in dogs. The research was carried out through literature search or sampling, using the electronic databases National Center for Biotechnology Information (PubMed), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) and Portal de Periodicals da Capes (Capes), between April and October 2023. The following descriptors and their combinations in Portuguese, Spanish and English were used: "dermatological diseases", "dogs", "treatment", "herbal medicines", "essential oils" and "plant extract". Ten articles that met the inclusion criteria and answered the guiding question were selected. The results indicate that herbal medicines have shown potential in the treatment of skin diseases in dogs, since many plants have antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and healing activity, which can contribute to the improvement of symptoms and skin regeneration. However, more studies are needed to evaluate their specific efficacy in different canine dermatological conditions. The use of these products should always be guided by a veterinarian, taking into account the individual characteristics of the animal, considering factors such as the severity of the skin disease, the animal's medical history, interactions with other medications in use and seeking to ensure the safety and well-being of the pet.

MATURATION OF JANDAÍRA BEE HONEY (Melipona subnitida DUCKE, 1910) AS A PRODUCT CONSERVATION STRATEGY

Renata de Lima Neves — 2024-12-15

Native bees play an important role in environmental balance as they are the main pollinators of native forests and agricultural crops. During the pollination process, native bees collect nectar from flowers and transform it into a honey with medicinal properties, unique aroma, and flavor. The rational rearing of native bees (meliponiculture) has been developing and attracting interest in this important zootechnical activity. In this context, this study evaluated the maturation of Jandaíra bee honey (Melipona subnitida) as an alternative for preserving this highly valued honey. Samples of Jandaíra bee honey were stored in metallic-topped glass containers and kept in a dark environment. Weekly, the lids of the containers were loosened to release gases and then tightened again. After seven months, the samples were matured and no longer released gases when opened. At the end of the experiment, the product maintained its quality, safety, hygiene, and had a slightly acidic taste and pleasant aroma, which were appealing to consumers.